Currently rootstocks are essential for any vintner who want to reap good grapes. The rootstocks are
varieties of wild vines very resistant to some pests, especially the Phylloxera vitifoliae.
Until the mid-nineteenth century rootstocks were not adopted. Emerged early in the second half of the century as a solution
for a large Phylloxera epidemic that threatened the survival of the viticulture world. This pest attacking the roots of
European varieties and destroyed. It turned out that the American varieties, due to their hardiness, had roots
resistant to attack by this pest, although their branches and leaves were attacked. From there it moved to adopt the
rootstocks to avoid new dangers and protect Vitis viniverae extermination.
Before planting any variety of vine, it is necessary to plant the rootstock. Normally - in the Southern Hemisphere -
this is done in the middle of the year, around July-August and the year before grafting the variety chosen. The rootstock
will have one year to develop, adapt to the environment and establish good roots. After a year it will be merged with the variety
grafted. The rootstock is also called the horse, and grafted variety, knight or canopy.
The rootstock is not chosen randomly. Should be selected according to the climate, soil and species to be grafted.
The choice of rootstock correct reverts to increase the quantity and quality of fruit.
The rootstock should be planted in pits, trenches or in the Surribas prepared. Are placed in a cavity of
so that they are at least two buds exposed. After placement is essential and watering the horse and all that the area
surrounds. Furthermore it is necessary with the aid of a Chaco timber or a stick, compact soil around the well
the rootstock. To avoid failures is advisable to plant two rootstocks per hole.
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